Fluid Mechanics Hydraulics
Solve for seepage rate or flow per foot of trench.
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seepage rate or flow per foot of trench | |
permeability | |
area normal to flow per foot of trench | |
flow line slope |
Martin Wanielista, Robert Kersten and Ron Eaglin. 1997. Hydrology Water Quantity and Quality Control. John Wiley & Sons. 2nd ed.
Seepage rate and flow per foot of trench are crucial in various engineering fields, especially in civil and environmental engineering applications like designing and implementing French drains. A French drain is a practical drainage system comprising a trench filled with gravel or rock containing a perforated pipe. This system redirects surface water and groundwater away from a building's foundation.
In such systems, the flow per foot of the trench, denoted as QL, can be calculated based on the permeability of the soil or gravel, the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the seepage flow, and the hydraulic gradient.
When properly implemented, French drains significantly contribute to effective landscape management, foundation protection, and water flow control, utilizing sound hydraulic principles to manage moisture effectively.
The general equation for seepage flow per unit width under Darcy's Law is given by:
QL = K x A x S
Where:
Identify Values:
Determine the hydraulic conductivity (K) from soil tests.
Calculate the effective area (A) normal to the flow, typically the wetted area inside the trench.
Establish the hydraulic gradient (S), which is the drop per unit length of the trench.
Plug into Equation:
Substitute the values into Darcy's law formulation once the values are identified and computed (QL = K x A x S).
Calculate QL:
Solve the equation for flow per foot of the trench. Ensure units are consistent to get results in cubic feet per second per foot (ft³/s/ft).
Suppose a French drain has the following parameters:
Permeability: K = 0.001 ft/s
Area: A = 0.5 ft²
Slope: S = 0.01
Using the equation:
QL = 0.001 x 0.5 x 0.01 = 0.000005 ft³/s/ft
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